A series of branch circuit is shaded solar cell components, will be used as a load to consume other light solar cell components generated by the energy, the solar cell components will be shaded at this time will be hot, this is the hot spot effect.

This effect can seriously damage the solar cell. Part of the energy generated by the illuminated solar cells may be consumed by the shaded cells. And what causes the hot spot effect may be just a piece of bird droppings.

In order to prevent the solar cell from being damaged due to the hot spot effect, it is advisable to connect a bypass diode in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the solar cell module to avoid the energy produced by the light-illuminated module from being consumed by the shaded module. When the hot spot effect is severe, the bypass diode may be broken, causing the module to burn, as shown below:

2. PID effect affecting PV modules

Potential-induced decay effect is a battery module for a long time under the action of high voltage, so that there is leakage current between the glass, encapsulation materials, a large number of charge snip on the surface of the battery cell, so that the passivation of the battery surface deteriorates, resulting in component performance below the design standard. pid phenomenon is serious, it will cause a piece of component power attenuation of more than 50%, thus affecting the power output of the whole string. PID phenomenon is most likely to occur in coastal areas with high temperature, high humidity and high salinity.